Oven.



G. W. GRAVES.

OVEN. APPLICATION FILED'JUNE 13, 1913.

Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

Geozye WG'raves gas stoves or ranges,

chamber, which GEORGE W. GRAVES, 0F WASHINGTONVILLE, NEW YORK.

OVEN.

. Specification of Letters Yatent. I

Patented Feb. 2; 1915.

Application filed June 13, 1913. Serial No. 773,435.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE W. GnAvns,of."Washingtonville, in the county of Orange, in the State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ovens; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,'forming apart of this specification, and to the reference-numerals markedthereon.

My present invention relates to ovens, particularly those adapted to beused in connection with cooking stoves, and it has for its object toprovide an oven, the constructional elements of which renders itadaptable for use in cooking where the necessary heat isaiforded bymeans of a gas flame obtained from suitable burners, the object soughtby the invention being to provide an oven in which thecubical capacitymay be varied so that an oven of given dimensions may berendered smallerin capacity and/- the necessary changes made in the fiues to" the endthat the baking processes performed by the smaller oven may be equallyetficient with those effected by the oven of full dimensions and Withasaving in fuel.

To these andother ends the invention consists in certain improvementsand combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at the endof the specification.

In thedrawings: Figure 1 is a front elevation of an oven, parts thereofbeing shown in cross section to illustrate the details of the flueconstruction and the adjustable oven top; Fig. 2 is a central crosssectional view taken on the line 2" x of Fig.1; Fig. 3-is an enlargedcross sectional view showing the cooperation between the adjustable oventop and one of the flue flanges or baflle plates, and Fig. 1 is a detailsectional view of a modification in which a movable damper, is

employed for stopping off the top of the flue.

Similar reference numerals. throughout the several figures indicate thesame parts.

In the construction of baking ovens, especially those employed inconnection with there is provided at one or more sides of the ovenchamber the hot air flues, which are made of given dimensionsproportionate to the size of the oven conduct the products of combustionupwardly around the sides of said chamber and cause the circulation ofair currents in the latter so that a uniform and even temperature is.obtained in all parts of the oven. Consequently, any diminutionoccurring in the size of the chamber must, in order to preserve theperfect baking qualities of the oven, also. make provision forproportionately decreasing the. area or capacity of the fiues at thesides of the oven chamber and comprise an arrange'- ment ofparts-whereby the proper circula tion of heated air currents may bemaintained both in said fluesand the baking chamber when such changesare made.

In illustrating my present invention I have shown one embodiment thereofadapted for use in the construction of a gas stove or range comprisingthe inner chamber, or oven proper, composed of the side walls 1, therear wall 1 and bottom 3*. This chamber is inclosed Within the outer.side walls 2 and the top 3 and from the rear side of the latter leadsthe ventilating pipe 4:. These outer walls extend below the oven chamberand in the space provided below the bottom 3, gas burners 5 of'theusualor any preferredconstruction are located. Between the pair of inner andouter side walls 1 and 2 are formed the side lines 6, and between therear wall l of the oven and 'a corre sponding outer wall 7 may beprovided the insulation space 8. I I

The front side of the oven chamber is open and is bounded by the-stoveplate or I front 10 which is-preferably a metal casting which covers andforms'the front walls of the fiues 6-6, and also serves as a support forthe oven door, although in practice I prefer to employ two oven doors ordivide the 'usual door into two parts, as indicated by 11 and 12, theformer covering the lower portion of the oven chamber or that art whichconstitutes the smaller oven, while the latter covers-the remainingpor-i tion of the opening. two doors I arrange the upper one so that itmay be opened independently in the event it is desired to employ thisportion of the oven chamber as a warming closet, but it is connectedwith the lower door so that when this is opened it will carry with itthe upper one. In carrying out this feature of the invention I providethe door 11 with the flange13 along its upper edge which closes withinthe flange 1 1 on the door 12 and in constructing In mounting thesev Theupper the handles of the doorIemploy a single handle formed in twoparts, as indicated by 15 and 16, the meeting ends of which are notchedand interlocked in the same manner as the flanges 13 and 14:- Thereduction of the cubical capacity of the oven is, broadly speaking,effected by the adjustment of one of its several sides and in carryingout this idea I lessen the height of the oven by employing what may betermed a supplemental top capable of adjustment, between the side walls,relatively to the oven bottom. In conjunction with this adjustable,supplemental, or auxiliary top, I provide means for reducing the heightof the fines so that the air currents will circulate around and withinthe smaller chamber and will not be dissipated in uselessly heating to ahigh temperature the-unused space of the full sized oven. ends or topsof-the side flues 66 are closed by flanges 17 and the top Wall of theoven chamber is constructed in such a manner that it may be adjustedfrom its normal position, shown in Fig. 1 in full lines, to the positionwhich it occupies when an oven of lesser dimensions is desired, as

shown-by the dotted lines in Figs. 1 and 2.

While I have only shown the oven top as capable of being withdrawn andinserted in the one intermediate position, it will be understood thatprovision may be made for locatingat two or more points should occasionrequire. In providing for the adjustability of the'oven top Iprovide asimple and convenient means by which the fines may be closed or stoppedofl substantially in alinement with said top so that the bakingoperations performed in the smaller oven will be perfectly satisfactoryby reason of the even distribution of the heated air currents. The oven.top or member is made of an open rectangular metal frame 18 supporting,in spaced relation a lower plate 19, of thin sheet metal, and an upperplate 20 which is preferably formed of an asbestos board possessing therequisite stiffness to form an adequate support for dishes which may beplaced thereon when said top occupies the dotted line position and it isdesired to utilize the space above it as a warming closet. The spacebetween the plates 19 and 20 forms a ventilating passage through whichthe heated air escapes from the oven, and in order to facilitate thecirculation thereof, the inlet aperture is provided in the lower plate19 at the front of the oven, as indicated by 19, and the outlet apertureis formed at the rear edge of the plate 20, as indicated at 20.

'The width of the frame 18 is greater than the internal width of theoven chamber and the inner side walls 1-1 thereof are slottedhorizontally from front to rear, the upper slots coinciding with theflanges 17, while laterally projecting edges of the adjustable oven topso as to stop ofl" the fines 66 when said top isin its adjustedposition,

as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 and in full lines in the detail viewshown in 1F ig.

3. The flanges 22 also serve as battle plates which act to retard theupward movement of the air current so that portions of the latterentering the lower ends of the flues will be forced into the sides ofthe oven near the bottom and through the perforations 23 in the wallsl1.' It will be understood that the front' plate 10 is provided withnotches extending laterally from the inner edges of the door openingwhich coincide with the transverse slots formed in the walls 1-1 so thatthe adjustable oven to member may be-conveniently removed and insertedat will, said slots being covered by ears or projections 24 formed onthe door flanges.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a modified arrangement ofthe parts whereby thetops of the flues may be stopped off or closed by a swinging damper 25pivoted at 26 to the outer face of'the wall 1. -The means for operatingthe damper comprises the curved finger 27 which projects into' the ovenchamber and when oven top member 28 will cause the damper to swingfromthe vertical to the horizontal position, as shown in full lines. Thisstructure is, in some instances, desirable as it obviates the slottingof the side walls and permits the auxiliary oven top member to besupported upon the inwardly projectin lugs 29 employed for supportingthe usua perforated oven shelves. In arranging these parts it ispreferable toposition the pivot points 26 of the dampers, the operatingfingers 27 of the latter, substantially the relative positions shown inFig. 4, so that the dampers will be operated only by the adjustable oventop which possesses considerable thickness and will not be actuated bythe placing of a thinner oven shelf upon said lugs.

' An oven embodying my invention in.

' 'ierform'ed in the smaller oven with a savin; in the cost of fuel.

I claim as my invention:

engaged by the i and the lugs 29 in 1.. The combination with inner andouter walls separated to form a fiue and disposed to provide the sidesof an oven, of an oven points,

bottom-and a hollow oven top adjustable at various points of elevationrelatively to the bottom and having inlet and outlet openings forming anoutlet passage leading from the oven chamber and means for closing ofithe side fiue at the points of adjustment of said top to divert theproducts of combustion into the oven chamber.

2. In an oven, thecombination with inner and outer side Walls arrangedto form an oven inclosure having an open side and providing surroundingflues, said inner walls being slotted in difierent planes, of aremovable oven top having edge portions fitting said slots and extendingacross the fines to close the latter at the point Where said top isinserted.

In an oven the combination With-inner and outer side Walls arranged toform an oven inclosure having an open side and provided With surroundingfines, said inner Walls being slotted horizontally at diflerent ofa'removable oven top having edge portions adapted to project through theslots and bafiie flanges in the lines co6perat ing Withsaid edges toclose the fines at the point Where said top is inserted.

4. The combination with inner side Walls of an oven having horizontalslots, outer spaced Walls forming fines and baiile plates extending partWay' across the latter in proximity to the slots, of a plate fittinginto said slots and cocperating at its edges with said baflie plates toclose the fines.

5. In an oven, the combination with inner and outer side Walls disposedto form an oven inclosure With flue-s at the sides, said inner Wallsbeing slotted of a plate extendrious points of of the 'oven and slidableinto said slots in a direction from front to rear of the oven, the plateWhen thus inserted serving to reduce the height of the oven and fines.

6. The combination With the Walls of an oven, of'a hollow auxiliary oventop adjustable in the oven to vary its height and provided With an inletand discharge openings at difi'erent points, the inlet being arrange tocommunicate with the oven chamber.

ing transversely 7. The combination with inner and outer Walls separatedto form a flue and disposed to provide the sides of an oven, the innerWalls being provided With inlets, of an oven bottom and an oven topadjustable at various points of elevation relatively to the bottom andhaving openings forming an outlet passage leading from the oven chamberand means for closing off the side fine at the points of adjustment ofsaid top to divert the products of combustion into the oven chamber.

8. The combination with inner and outer Walls separated to form a flueand disposed to provide the sides of an oven, of an oven bottom and anoven top adjustable at vaelevation relatively to the bottom and havingopenings forming an outlet passage leading from the oven chamber, saidinner Walls having inlet openings below the lowermost position of theoven top to admit the products of combustion into the oven chamber.

GEORGE W. GRAVES.

Witnesses ANNIE R. MGGRATH,

G. \VILLARD HIGH.

